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Ala, Ani, Ana, Elí, Aja – The Earth Mother/Goddess in Igboland
Ala by the artist, Ezem, in Enyiogugu, Aboh-Mbaise, Nigeria, 1960. Photo by Herbert M. Cole. In Igbo mythology and traditional religion, Ala (also known as Ani, Ana, or Eli) is the Earth Goddess or Earth Mother serving as: - Fertility and agriculture: ensuring fruitful harvests and abundance - Morality and justice: maintaining social order and punishing wrongdoing - Protection:…
The Spiritual and Economic Importance of Yam Crops in Anioma: A Connection to Influence of Nri kingdom 
        Yam holds an important and general position amoung Anioma people , aside being a staple food, it's also a vital representation of spirituality, economic power, and status. This crucial traditional practice with yams mirrors the traditional practice from Nri kingdom, an ancient Igbo kingdom which played crucial role as the cultural and spiritual source of most…
Ada Nshi and Okpala Nshi: The Role Nri traveling Priests played in Building Anioma’s Ritual and Cultural Practices
    Ndi Anioma, like other Igbo groups, have long kept deep cultural and spiritual ties to Nri, an ancient aristocratic and theocratic kingdom dated from 9th century. An important part of the connection was made possible by male and female ritual specialists of Nri, Okpala nshi (male priest) and Ada nshi (female priestess). Eze Nri sent sent them…
Nibo people of Awka.
A woman of Nibo, present day Anambra State, Nigeria photographed by British government anthropologist Northcote Thomas, c. 1912.   Nibo, a town located in Awka South Local Government Area of Anambra State, known for its skilled blacksmiths and craft workers in pre-colonial times. According to oral traditions, Nibo was founded by an ancestor named Ifite, who led his…
Arioku Deity.
March 1, 1946. Deity recorded as Arioku, a deity that is sworn to, in Enyiogugu, Mbaise, central Igbo area, Eastern Nigeria. British Museum. Ariọkụ, is a deity primarily associated with Enyiogugu and some communities in Mbaise, a town in Imo State and also neighbouring communities in Abia State. The deity plays a significant role in the religious…
The Otu Odu Society.
An Onicha woman of the Otu Odu society In Onitsha (Onicha), women who belong to the Otu Odu society hold significant social and spiritual influence. The Otu Odu is an exclusive and prestigious group traditionally composed of high-status women, often those who are married to wealthy men or have demonstrated considerable wealth and contribution to their…
Cultural similarities between the Ogba and Oguta people.
Owu mask, Ugwuta (Oguta) area, 1940s. Photo via Sabine Jell-Bahlsen.   The Ogba people of Rivers State and the Oguta people of Imo State also known as the “Riverine Igbo”. (Oru/Olu) which they call themselves and share several cultural similarities rooted in their geographical proximity within the Niger Delta region and their historical ties to the broader Igbo…

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