Social stratification

From Slaves to Palm Oil: Analyzing the Economic Pivot of the 1840s and Its Impact on Efik Social Structure

The Efik people of the Cross River region in southeastern Nigeria experienced a profound economic transformation in the nineteenth century. For centuries, Old Calabar was a pivotal center of the Atlantic slave trade, serving as an important coastal port where tens of thousands of enslaved Africans were exported to Europe and the Americas. However, with…