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Historical Linguistics

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Princess Sauers and Auntie Bertha: The Final Keepers of Berbice Dutch

The extinction of Berbice Dutch Creole (Berbice Dutch) represents a profound loss for global linguistics and a poignant reminder of the cultural cost of colonialism. Spoken for centuries in the former Dutch colony along the Berbice River in Guyana, this unique language, a vibrant fusion of Dutch, indigenous Arawak,  remarkably, a single African language…

From the Niger Delta to Guyana: The Eastern Ijo Foundations of Berbice Dutch

The connection between the Eastern Ijo of the Niger Delta and Guyana is rooted in linguistic history, where words from the Eastern Ijo language (specifically the Kalabari dialect) were incorporated into the Berbice Dutch Creole language spoken in Guyana. This linguistic evidence points to a historical link, due to the slave trade, where Eastern…

West Indian Words from Igbo Language

Some common words used in Caribbean English come directly from the Igbo language or have been influenced by it. Unu/Wunna Means ‘you [plural]’, the same as in Igbo, únù. In some places, wunna is used. In Nigerian Pidgin English, it is una. Soso Means ‘only’ or ‘single’. In Igbo, it is written as sọsọ (pronounced…

Historical Linguistics · Ozikoro