In the traditional worldview of the Igbo people of Southeastern Nigeria, the environment is not a mere collection of resources to be exploited, but a “sacred living entity” governed by spiritual laws. Central to this ecological philosophy is the concept of the Ihu Ala (often referred to as Ibu Ala or Ohia Nso in various…
The Owu masquerades occupy a significant place in the cultural and spiritual identity of the Kalabari people of the Eastern Niger Delta. As a water-spirit masquerade tradition, Owu represents the close relationship between the Kalabari and the aquatic world that surrounds their communities. Rooted in centuries of riverine cosmology, Owu masquerades are far more than…
Masquerades hold a central place in Igbo cultural and spiritual traditions, often serving as a means of social critique and historical documentation. One unique form of Igbo masquerade that emerged during the colonial period was the satirical portrayal of British colonial authorities, seen in the “Ghost Policemen” and “Oyibo” (White Man) masks. These performances,…