Ikoro Drum, Amongst the Igbos, G.T. Basden (1921)
In the heart of Igbo land, within the ancient kingdom of Aguleri, on the Omambala River side in Southeastern Nigeria, the Ikolo sacred drum beats as a powerful symbol of cultural identity, spiritual power, and community unity. It was carved from the hollow trunk of the mahogany tree.…
Every group in Igbo society has its own Ofo. The Family Ofo is different from the village Ofo, and the village Ofo also differs from the Ofo of many villages joined together. It is the Okpara (first son) who holds the family Ofo. That is why he leads the religious and political matters in the…
Before the time of the white men (pre-colonial period) in Igbo land, agriculture was the backbone of everything — from food, to how people lived together, to how they saw themselves. As one scholar, Vincent Uchendu, said, agriculture is an "Igbo staff of life." It covers many things like planting crops, food processing, keeping small…
Aguleri is an old town in Anambra State, Nigeria, where the people are well-known in Igbo history as one of the oldest and most respected communities in Igboland. Some people see it as the place where the Igbo people first started. The town strongly connects with the legend of Eri, a mystical person people believe…
Ossomala is a town near the River Niger, inside Ogbaru Local Government Area in Anambra State, Nigeria. They call it an "ancient kingdom," sometimes having fine river sides that make it special. Ossomala are Igbo people who speak their language very well, and they are part of the Igbo families in places like Onitsha, Aboh,…
An Igbo man from Achala, now in Anambra State, was photographed by British colonial anthropologist Northcote Thomas between 1910 and 1911. The photo is kept at the Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology in Cambridge.
Many believe "Anambra" is a recent invention created during Nigeria's post-colonial period. However, historical records prove that variations of the name—such as…
The Ogene Musical Instrument
Egwu Ogene, which means "bell music," is a traditional type of music from the Enugu people in Southeastern Nigeria. This music gets its name from the ogene , a metal bell that plays a vital role in the performance. In the past, Egwu Ogene was used mainly for rituals, especially those…
The Nsugbe Ijele marches forth through the town. Photo: Amightytree.
Ijele Masquerade is the biggest masquerade in Sub-Saharan Africa. It is an important tradition of the Igbo people in Nigeria. In many communities in Anambra State, South-Eastern Nigeria, the Ijele masquerade is performed during celebrations, burial ceremonies, and other special occasions in…
The Igbo culture of Nigeria is rich in symbolism and traditional artifacts that reflect its worldview, spiritual practices, and societal structure. Among these artifacts, the Ikenga and Ofo stand out as powerful representations of personal achievement, moral authority, and spiritual connection. This article explores these artifacts using historical photographs and the cultural context in which…